R - LOWER CASE R

Voiced post-alveolar central approximant.

When we pronounce it, the soft palate is in its raised position and the vocal folds vibrate.

The tip of the tongue is close to the alveolar ridge, and the rims of the tongue are close to the back teeth.

Spelling

<r> staring /ˈsteərɪŋ/
<rr> starring /ˈstɑ:rɪŋ/
<wr> write /ˈraɪt/
<rh> rhyme /raɪm/

Examples

right /raɪt/


bright /braɪt/


staring /ˈsteərɪŋ/


starring /ˈstɑ:rɪŋ/


write /raɪt/


rhyme /raɪm/


train /treɪn/


tremble /ˈtrembl̩/


These recent songs are really surprising.
/ðiːz ˈriːsnt 'sɒŋz ə ˈrɪəli səˈpraɪzɪŋ/



Who wrote the lyrics?
/hu: 'rəʊt ðə ˈlɪrɪks/



Roberta ran rings around the Roman ruins.
/rəˈbɜ:tə 'ræn 'rɪŋz əˈraʊnd ðə ˈrəʊmən ˈru:ɪnz/

Pronunciation




The soft palate is in its raised position and the vocal folds vibrate. The tip of the tongue is close to the alveolar ridge, and the rims of the tongue are close to the back teeth.




r - Lower case r

Voiced alveolar trill or multiple vibrant.

When we pronounce this sound, the tip of the tongue, the active articulator, is in contact with the alveolar ridge, the passive articulator. Several movements are made by the tongue against the alveolar ridge, producing more than one closure. Various vibrations are produced.

The velum is in its raised position. The vocal folds vibrate during the production of this sound.

Spelling

<r>, when word initial; <rr>.

Examples

rigor



enredar



puerro



Un perrrompe la rama del árbol.

Pronunciation




The tip of the tongue is in contact with the alveolar ridge. Several movements are made by the tongue against the alveolar ridge, producing more than one closure.

Various vibrations are produced. The vocal folds vibrate.




ɾ - Lower case r with fishhook

Voiced alveolar flap or simple vibrant.

When we pronounce this sound, the tip of the tongue, the active articulator, is in contact with the alveolar ridge, the passive articulator. They form a complete closure. Only one vibration is produced.

The velum is in its raised position. The vocal folds vibrate during the production of this sound.

Spelling

<r>

Examples

pero



sonoro



loro



Tamara llora porque ahora no canta en el coro.

Pronunciation




The tip of the tongue is in contact with the alveolar ridge. Only one vibration is produced. The vocal folds vibrate.